Realizing a material advantage
The exchange of pieces is an important idea at any stage of the game, one that can have a huge impact on the strategical balance.
One of the first strategical principles taught to new chess players is that when you have more material, exchange pieces! Thus we are able to reduce the opponent's counterplay and simplify to an endgame, where the material advantage can be more easily realized. The example on this page will illustrate why this is so.
Conclusion: If you have more material than your opponent, it is usually a good idea to exchange some of the remaining pieces. Similarly, if you are behind in material, you should keep as many pieces on the board as possible and avoid exchanges.
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