
Some Capablanca and more from Moscow 1925... in chess fever
Already since the 3rd Soviet chess championship of 1924, thoughts had been expressed for an international tournament in the Soviet Union [see Grekov, 1937, p. 108, & Ilyin-Zhenevsky's diary]. This was organized about a year later, during Nov 10 - Dec 9 of 1925 in Moscow. The group of the participants [21 in total] was constituted by the top finishers of the 4th Soviet championship of 1925 and by big international names; including the world champion Capablanca.

The tournament seemed to be a major event for the Soviet Union. Krylenko, head of the Soviet chess association, in the preface of the tournament book [vol. 1, p. 4] had underlined its great importance, not only as a cultural tool for the people ['культурному орудию'] but also on a political basis ['чисто политической']; views already mentioned before the start of the event. Noteworthy that also a silent comedy movie was released during that time with main theme this tournament, under the title 'Chess Fever' ['Шахматная горячка'], where some chess players had a short part, too.
___
- Tournament book of Moscow International chess tournament 1925, by Efim Bogoljubov, vol. 1 & 2 ['Международный шахматный турнир в Москве']
- The pre-tournament schedule and introducing the players 'International chess tournament in Moscow in 1925 and its participants', ['Международный шахматный турнир в москве 1925 года и его участники']
- Soviet chess magazine '64'
- Soviet chess magazine 'Шахматы'
- Soviet chess magazine 'Шахматный листок' [1926]
- The history of chess competitions, by N. Grekov ['История шахматных состязаний, Греков Н.И'], 1937
- My Life's Journey to Vlasov and the Prague Manifesto, by Fedir Bohatyrchuk ['Мой жизненный путь к Власову и Пражскому манифесту'], 1978
- Peter Romanovsky, by Romanov, I. Z., 1984 ['Романов И.З. Петр Романовский']
- Soviet Chess (1917 - 1991), by Andrew Soltis, 2000
- Capablanca on Moscow, 1925, by Edward Winter, web article in https://www.chesshistory.com/winter/extra/capablanca7.html
- Moscow 1925 Tournament: Player's Diary by Alexander Ilyin-Zhenevsky, part 1, web article by Alexey 'Spectre' Zakharov [@Spektrowski] in https://www.chess.com/blog/Spektrowski/moscow-1925-tournament-players-diary-by-alexander-ilyin-zhenevsky
the russian texts have been read after ocr, google translation and use of other online dictionaries
___

The tournament was won by Bogoljubov with 15½/20, Lasker came 2nd with 14/20 and Capablanca finished 3rd with 13½/20. However the world champion from Cuba earned the most of his points during the 2nd half of the tournament; because after the end of 11th round he was just at the 10th place with 5½ [+2-2=7] and still with a day-off to spend, while first Bogoljubov had 8½.

Probably this course of performance had caused some thoughts by the champion. In an article written and published shortly after the tournament, Capablanca expressed his worries for the ease & capability of achieving draws even by players who aren't the greatest. And in order to face this 'invincibility', he concluded with the suggestion of a chess variant played on a bigger board, thus more difficult; what is now known as Capablanca chess. [in Revista Bimestre Cubana, Volume XXI, Number 2, March-April 1926; translation in here ].
On the other hand Romanovsky was writing after the end of the tournament...
Шахматный листок 1/1926, p. 1 | google translation |
По существу же мы полагаем, что творчество все того же основного ядра русских шахматистов, в которое мы включаем Романовского, Женевского, Богатырчука, Верлинского, Левенфиша и Рабиновича, по своему содержанию вполне заслуживает быть поставленным на ряду с творчеством большинства из иностранных Grossmeister'ов, а в некоторых отдельных случаях и выше последнего. Если до турнира многих из нас терзали еще в этом отношении сомнения, то сейчас они улетучились. И если в чем еще нужно подучиться русским шахматистам, то это главным образом в теории дебютов, то и дело выдвигающей новинку, за новинкой. |
In essence, we believe that the work of the same main core of Russian chess players, in which we include Romanovsky, Zhenevsky, Bogatyrchuk, Verlinsky, Levenfish and Rabinovich, in its content deserves to be put on a par with the work of most of the foreign Grossmeisters, and in some individual cases even higher than the latter. If before the tournament many of us were still tormented by doubts in this regard, now they have disappeared. And if Russian chess players still need to learn something, it is mainly in the theory of openings, which now and then puts forward a novelty, after a novelty. |

Capablanca - Ilyin-Zhenevsky, 7th round
Ilyin-Zhenevsky & Verlinsky were the only two losses of Capablanca.
Zhenevsky in his diaries in 1926 [https://www.chess.com/blog/Spektrowski/moscow-1925-tournament-players-diary-by-alexander-ilyin-zhenevsky] gave a picturesque description of the day. Inter alia he mentioned that during the game he was trying to imagine 'the angry face of the boxing world champion Dempsey'; probably with the intention to raise his fighting spirit. In the end he made a brilliant Q sacrifice...

Before the start of the tournament the world champion had given a simultaneous exhibition on Nov 8 at the Dynamo club and he scored +18-1=11. After the 8th round on Nov 20 he went to Leningrad for one more exhibition against 30 players again. Capablanca achieved this time +18-4=8 [source: 64 22/1925, 12]. Among these 4 Russian winners was the 14-year old Botvinnik, who analyzing his game in his Half a Century of Chess, 1996 [1978], p. 4, wrote after the last move: "At this point Capablanca overturned his king and moved on to the next board with a look of dissatisfaction on his face. That is why I doubt the eyewitness reports alleging that Capablanca praised my skill."

Capablanca - Marshall, 13th round
Capablanca - Zubarev, 17th round
The 1st brilliancy prize of the tournament.
Capablanca - Bogoljubov, 19th round
Before the game started Bogoljubov was first with 14½ points, Lasker 2nd with 12½ and Capablanca 3rd with 11½. There were 3 more rounds, but as Capablanca would have his day-off on the 21st one, there was no hope for a first place. It seemed more as a matter of prestige.
Nevertheless for Bogoljubov maybe it could have some impact. He would play with Lasker on the next round, a game that ended as a draw; but at this time the possible results and ratings could make him sharing first or even ending 2nd after Lasker.

The game was very tactical at some points...

Like this, more or less Capablanca finished 3rd. Besides his performance, some memories by Fedir Bohatyrchuk written years later in 1978, are giving inter alia aspects of the champion in Moscow of 1925...

Bohatyrchuk, 1978, p. 78 | google translation slightly modified |
Но, конечно, всех затмил изяществом своих манер Рауль Капабланка, весьма падкий на женскую красоту, несмотря на то, что в своем бумажнике он хранил портрет своей красавицы жены и двух сыновей. Снимок он всегда любил показывать при всяком удобном случае. Во время турнира с ним произошел следующий забавный инцидент. В один прекрасный выходной день на турнире, в Турнирный комитет позвонил администратор отеля, в котором были размещены иностранные гости, и сообщил, что Хозе Рауль пригласил несколько часов тому назад в свой номер продавщицу из Моссельпрома и что-то чересчур долго покупает её товары. - За это время можно было закупить целый магазин, - добавил он. Я должен указать, что в расцвет НЭП-а Моссельпром нанял на службу целый ряд молодых красивых девушек и высылал их продавать товары «с лотков», которые они на себе носили. Из Турнирного комитета позвонили Капабланке и сообщили, что столь длительные покупки противоречат правилам отеля. Капабланке пришлось подчиниться, но он долго потом возмущался этим вмешательством администрации в его частные дела. |
But, of course, everyone was eclipsed by the grace of the manners of Raoul Capablanca, who was very greedy for female beauty, despite the fact that in his wallet he kept a portrait of his beautiful wife and two sons. He always liked to show a picture at every opportunity. During the tournament, the following funny incident happened to him. One fine weekend at the tournament, the Tournament Committee received a phone call from the administrator of the hotel where foreign guests were accommodated, and said that Jose Raul had invited a saleswoman from Mosselprom to his room a few hours ago and was buying her goods for too long. - During this time, you could buy a whole store, - he added. I must point out that in the heyday of the NEP, Mosselprom hired a number of young beautiful girls and sent them out to sell goods "from the trays" that they wore. The Tournament Committee called Capablanca and said that such a long purchase is contrary to the rules of the hotel. Capablanca had to obey, but for a long time afterwards he was indignant at this interference of the administration in his private affairs. |
Bohatyrchuk, 1978, p. 79 | |
Турнир возбудил интерес не только шахматистов. Мосфильм заснял веселый фильм «Шахматная горячка», в котором запечатлел этот интерес. В фильме одну из ролей играл Капабланка, покоритель сердец москвичек. Капабпанка был влюблён в свою молодость и силу. Когда, через десять лет этот фильм снова показывали участникам Второго Международного Турнира, я услыхал неподалёку от себя всхлипывания - это плакал Капабланка о своей молодости, с каждым днём уходящей в вечность. Он не был философом и не мог примириться с неизбежным: «Каждый должен пройти через эту дверь». Не обошлось и без анкет типичных для советского быта. Институт психологии заинтересовался психологией шахматистов и просил нас ответить на ряд вопросов. Как водится, среди них были вопросы имеющие весьма отдалённое отношение к психологии. Так, к примеру, предлагалось назвать книги самых любимых и самых нелюбимых авторов. В то время ещё можно было говорить более или менее откровенно, с оглядкой, конечно, и я назвал в числе самых любимых - «Бесы» Достоевского и из самых нелюбимых - «Капитал» Карла Маркса. Лет через десять такой ответ мне бы даром не прошел, тогда же Александр Федорович Ильин-Женевский только посмотрел на меня с укоризной. Он был одним из немногих известных мне коммунистов, искренно веривших в величие своего пророка Ленина. С ним можно было даже спорить на скользкие темы и высказывать мысли, не боясь того, что он донесет куда надо. Во времена большой чистки он тоже попал в число арестованных, но неведомо мне почему, не был репрессирован. У этого коммуниста было действительно человеческое лицо, но таких, как он - раз, два и обчёлся. |
The tournament aroused the interest of not only chess players. Mosfilm filmed a hilarious film "Chess Fever", which captured this interest. In the film, one of the roles was played by Capablanca, the conqueror of the hearts of Muscovites. Capabpanca was in love with his youth and strength. When, ten years later, this film was again shown to the participants of the Second International Tournament, I heard sobbing not far from me - Capablanca was crying about his youth, which is disappearing into eternity every day. He was not a philosopher and could not reconcile himself to the inevitable: "Everyone must go through this door." There were also questionnaires typical of Soviet life. The Institute of Psychology became interested in the psychology of chess players and asked us to answer a number of questions. As usual, among them were questions that had a very remote relation to psychology. So, for example, it was proposed to name the books of the most favorite and least favorite authors. At that time it was still possible to speak more or less frankly, with caution, of course, and I named Dostoevsky's "Demons" among my favorites and Karl Marx's "Capital" among my least favorite. Ten years later, such an answer would not have been in vain for me, but then Alexander Fedorovich Ilyin-Zhenevsky only looked at me reproachfully. He was one of the few communists known to me who sincerely believed in the greatness of their prophet Lenin. It was even possible to argue with him on slippery topics and express thoughts without fear that he would convey to the right place. During the great purge, he was also among those arrested, but I don't know why, he was not repressed. This communist had a really human face, but people like him - one, two, and counted. |
And two more games of the tournament...
Yates - Bogoljubov, 2nd round
Romanovsky - Torre, 13th round
The 4th brilliancy prize [64 magazine 2-3/1925, 4]

.... thanx for reading