Wilhelm Steinitz collapsed and went insane after his decisive loss in his rematch vs Lasker. He spent his last days in nursing home.
Mikhail Chigorin suffered with diabetes - untreatable at that time.
Carl Schlechter died of pneumonia aggravated by starvation caused by war and subsequent collapse of Austria-Hungary.
Richard Reti died in 1929 of scarlet fever complications.
(In)famous chess organiser Nikolai Krylenko was executed in stalinist era as part of "regular cadre rotations".
Polish master Przepiorka was executed in Nazi death camp.
Latvian master Vladimir Petrov disappeared in soviet Gulag and never returned.
Karel Treybal was executed by Nazis for "illegal" gun possession. (He wasn't Jewish btw.)
Klaus Junge was shot dead when he refused to surrender to British soldiers shouting "Heil Hitler!", just two weeks before the end of WWII.
Alexander Alekhine died under weird circumstances. He might have been murdered by soviet agents or jewish nazi-hunters. He was suspected of active involvement in Nazi antisemitic propaganda.
Leonid Stein died of heart attack aged 38.
Mikhail Tal suffered with kidney disease for 30 years and finally succumbed to it.
Karen Grigorian jumped down from the bridge in Yerevan in 1989.
British correspondence GM Simon Webb was stabbed to death by his own son.
Robert Fischer refused medical treatment of urinary tract blockage and died of subsequent kidney failure and uremia.
Vera Menchik, the first world women champion died in London ( June 1944) due to a Nazi V1-rocket attack, along with her mother and two sisters.
Alexi Troitzky and Leonid Kubbel , considered to be foremost composers of endgame studies and problems , died in 1942 from starvation caused by the bitter siege of Leningrad that lasted 900 days .
Korchnoi survived the siege while Spassky were among the timely evacuees , counting himself lucky that the train that carried him wasn't bombed.