Basic Concepts.

Greetings, I discovered Chess not long time ago, and started playing and trying to learn by myself with YouTube videos, On-line posts, e-books and all content that I can reach with no economical cost (not because I don't want to support Chess, just because at this moment I do not have the economy to allow myself to do that). The reason why I did write this post is that I would like to know which are the definitions of Strategy, Tactics, Calculations and Techniques, just to have a basic acknowledge about this basic concepts to have a "Deeper" basics and understand better when I am studying. Sorry for my English, is not my native language, and thank you very much for your time and patience reading this post of a newbie player.

Strategy - a medium to long term objective eg. dominate the dark squares, get the bishop pair, attack the kingside.

Tactics - a specific move or sequence of moves played to gain an advantage eg. sacrifices, forks, pins.

Calculations - analysing your planned moves and determining if they are correct and what you will do vs your opponents possible replies.

Technique - knowledge of the correct way to play a certain position or situation eg. when you are up an exchange, when you have an extra pawn in an endgame, when you have a passed pawn.

These would be my definitions. 

Nobody is in charge of definitions of chess terms. From time to time, a book is published with an attempt to help readers with chess terminology. For example: The Mammoth Book of Chess, by Graham Burgess has a "Glossary of Chess Terms".

https://web.archive.org/web/20140708093123/http://www.chesscafe.com/text/review756.pdf

Tactics versus Strategy...

http://www.chessfornovices.com/chessstrategyvstactics.html

https://chessfox.com/the-difference-between-strategy-and-tactics-in-chess/

https://www.chesstactics.org/introductory-matters/the-elements-of-tactics_a-primer/strategy-vs-tactics/1_3_4_1.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_chess#Chess_strategy

You may enjoy the following reference book, an encyclopedia of chess, which covers, succinctly, just about every imaginable aspect of chess from the history, important people, concepts, ideas, and anything else which is significantly associated with the game.  When I was learning the game (many years ago) and wanting to gain as broad an exposure as possible to it, this was a book that I frequently turned to (and still do from time to time).  Note that, as the book was published in 1992, it obviously will not contain coverage of people who have come to prominence, or events that have occurred since that date... 

The Oxford Companion to Chess by David Hooper and Kenneth Whyld...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Oxford_Companion_to_Chess

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1867280.The_Oxford_Companion_to_Chess

https://archive.org/details/TheOxfordCompanionToChessFirstEditionByDavidHooperKennethWhyld/page/n93/mode/2up

You might also check out...

Good Positional Chess, Planning & Strategy Books for Beginners and Beyond...

https://www.chess.com/blog/RussBell/introduction-to-positional-chess-planning-strategy

https://www.chess.com/blog/RussBell

By-the-way.  No need to apologize for your english.  It's not perfect, but it's not bad either.  We understand you very well.

Strategy
Loosely taken, it encompass all non-forcing elements involved in properly evaluating a position (also see positional play). More exactly it's associated with long term plans. Examples include a minority attack or play on play on a complex of squares such as the dark squares.

 

Tactics
A short term forcing sequence. Usually associated with winning material or mate even though there are defensive tactics, or tactics that serve strategic ends. Basic examples include forks, pins, and discovered checks.

 

Calculation
A broad term that is closely associated with visualization and analysis. Usually used to mean a player has visualized a sequence of moves and rendered an evaluation of the end position.

 

Technique
A standard method of playing a specific type of position.

I admit that including combinations here is somewhat contrived, but other than that (the other 3) it's pretty good.

Another proviso is that part of what makes chess so much fun is these things mix together during a game. A player may see the possibility for a tactic, but if it hurts them in a positional or strategic way it may not be worth it. Similarly a person may come up with a very proper strategy only to have it fail at the outset due to a tactic.

These are good tips to play chess and I have found it very useful for me

Me too.

Estrategia se refiere a los planes de juego y a las razones que lo justifican.

Táctica es acerca de crear y enfrentar adecuadamente las amenazas. Puede involucrar una o varias jugadas. Por ejemplo, cuando alguien amenaza con dar mate a la siguiente jugada es táctica, y si la amenaza involucra una secuencia forzada (por amenazas), también es táctica. Ojo que no todas las amenazas involucran ganar material o dar mate de forma inmediata, sino también un deteriorio de la posición rival (como hacer papilla de su cadena de peones o privarle del enroque), pero siguen siendo táctica. De paso, táctica es la debilidad más común entre principiantes, porque no reconocen la amenaza que está por morderles la nariz.

Cálculo, o cálculo preciso de variantes, es la visualizacion mental de una secuencia de movimientos. Obvio, se basa en reconocer los motivos tácticos en una posición. Quien no los reconoce, puede calcular pero no con precisión.

Y técnica se refiere a planes de juego que se sabe funcionan a partir de ciertas posiciones. Por ejemplo, en un final con peones de ventaja, la técnica sugiere cambiar las piezas para convertirlo en un final de reyes y peones. Pero como tantas otras cosas, hay que reconocer si la técnica es aplicable. Algo así como no galantear a una chica muy bonita si notas una manzana de Adán.

Si te sirve, échale un ojo a mi blog: https://www.chess.com/blog/Nicator65

Thank you very much everyone! Such a nice community, you are really kind. I will for sure check every book, link and article. I did already read the comments with the information and took a mixture/resume of your answers. Thank you very much again!

Hello, I have a question. Are there still available the Jeremy Silman tactics lessons? Thank you

Main Menu -> Learn -> Lessons -> (search) Silman.....

https://www.chess.com/lessons/search?keyword=silman

Tactics is what you do when there is something specific to do.

Strategy is what you do when there is nothing specific to do.

:raised_hands