What are some good (optionally easy) moves/techniques/openings to use as a beginner?

I've been playing chess with some of my friends, however I lose to them, and I have no clue about things such as queens gambit, kings pawn, etc.

Improving Your Chess - Resources for Beginners and Beyond...

https://www.chess.com/blog/RussBell/improving-your-chess-resources-for-beginners-and-beyond

And from...

Good Chess Books for Beginners and Beyond...

https://www.chess.com/blog/RussBell/good-chess-books-for-beginners-and-beyond

For the absolute beginner who knows next to nothing about the game and simply wants the quickest and easiest possible initial exposure to chess and how the game is played at its most basic level - "Let's Play Chess: A Step by Step Guide for New Players" By Bruce Pandolfini. Another excellent introduction to chess is "Learn Chess" by John Nunn.

https://www.chess.com/blog/RussBell

I always go Van't Kruij's Opening (1e3) and have about 60% win rate. I also try to develop bishops to active diagonals like 2 Bc4 or 2 Be2 really quick. I also like to develop into a formation similar to this:

Hope this helps... thanks!

For me, in the beginning, I just stuck to your basic london system, it's very easy to learn, and gives you basically the same structure each game. However, It does get bland.

This is what your setups should look like. If you want to learn more, here's an excellent series on it: https://www.chess.com/lessons/london-system-for-the-busy-chess-player
Currently, I play the Ruy Lopez Exchange Variation.

Hope they helped! Also, I recommend not choosing an opening with a lot of theory in them. No one wants to spend 5 hours learning each variation! I prefer open games where the balance is in your favor somewhat, but both sides can attack and have fun! 

Hi! My normal recommendation as opening for beginners is 1. e4 as white, and as black meet 1.e4 with 1...e5 and 1. d4 with 1...d5. These are classic openings and will serve you as long as you play chess. Once you advance to intemediate level might be the time to increase your repertoire with other openings.

Good luck!

@1
"I have no clue about things such as queens gambit, kings pawn, etc." ++ You do not need to.
I agree with @7: as black defend 1 e4 e5 and 1 d4 d5, as white open 1 e4.

The main purpose of the opening is to control the center bringing your pieces into play and castle your king to safety.

Lasker formulated 4 common sense principles:
1) Only play your d- and e-pawns.
2) Play your knights before you play your bishops
3) Do not play the same piece twice
4) Do not pin the KN with your QB before the opponent has castled O-O