Chess started as a pass time game for kings and soldiers and was invented in india, its original name was Chaturranga which means four types (referring to types of attacking pieces, it was developed during Gupta empire in india. Chatur mean four in ancient sanskrit. The modern pawn called mohra was simple foot soldier who would serve as cannon fodder in the game, the knight was horse rider warrior as horse played a very important role in ancient indian and central asian warfare (scythians, kambojas horse riders were admired in ancient india), the modern bishop was soldier on elephant, the modern queen was a male prime minister of the king. All of these were supposed to protect the king in the game just as they were supposed to do in real life. Rook was symbolizing chariot riders or soldiers on castle roof tops.
The game then spread to ancient Persia and it is there that it developed the most , its name changed from Chaturrange to Shatranj. The King is called Shah in persian and when the king is defeated it was termed as Shah-maat , it means Shah or king has got defeated, which modified to modern word Checkmate as the game reached in europe.
The answer to the OP question is yes Chess was a game based on war and was only played by warrior or soldiers in ancient times, I doubt if normal peasant were even allowed to play chess in old times. Chess is a gift given by the indo-iranians to the world.
Not when your are the one that will perish all alone in the field.
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