The oldest known precursor of Chess, Chatturanga, is a four player game. I've never seen a three player Chess form, although I have seen a three player Xiangqi (Chinese Chess) variation.
Chaturanga is a two player game. There is a version of Chaturanga for four players called Chaturanji, which is very different from the two player game. The two player game is the one that is assumed to be the predecessor to Chess.
My mistake.
ETA: Here's a link to the wikipedia page on the four player variant, which they spell chaturaji. It seems that some scholars had said that it was a precursor to chaturanga, but most modern scholars think chaturanga is older.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaturaji
I just saw an add for a gaelic circular chess board and pieces. The add claims the game was once played on a circular board. Has anyone heard of this type of chess?
Yeah, it's known as Byzantine Chess. It was a variant of Shatranj, the persian game that came to Europe and evolved into Chess. Since Shatranj was played with basically the same pieces but different moves, it's easy to make an analagous circular version of Chess.
Whoa... I'd like to try that kind of Chess!! It sounds really cool!! d=(>_<)=b