Yeah, when you make a major mistake, come up with a plan to fix it so it doesn't happen again. For example: Say you get your king and queen forked by a knight. So next time you're on the lookout for possible forks to your king and queen. You're scanning the board more, taking in more information so it doesn't happen again. If you take the time to fix your mistakes and you're playing a lot of chess, you'll get good fast.
Goals for a Beginner

Thanks for the tip. I need to relax a little and really analyse what's going on.
I begin each game with the best intentions of looking for forks, pins, skewers, etc... Soon after the opening I begin playing reactively to my opponents moves, not proactively. Then my pieces start disappearing. I'm not thinking about pins and forks as much as I'm trying to get my pieces out of trouble.

Always try to refute your move before making it, and stop hanging pieces to 1 movers. That should give you like 200 hundred points on the spot. start tactics training on online servers such as the TT here in chess com or chesstempo, and always analyze your games with an engine to find out your mistakes. Google Arena GUI and Chesslogik for the equipment. Your goal at the moment should be stopping hanging pieces, imo. Later you can set rating goals according to the amount of time you spend on chess per day.

You are at a stage we all go through, I'm not sure how quickly you play, but it's not uncommon for beginners to make a move the moment they see it, pace yourself and try to take a sober look at the move.

Hi,
I suggest you pause from playing against the computer or your phone, and start playing against real people. From them you will learn chess. I mean, I used to play against the computer like you are doing and I ALWAYS lost the game Real people are prone to mistakes such as over-excitement. Trust me, you will learn a lot from playing with people unlike against the computer.
Cheers!

Achievments for beginners:
- play an entire game without hanging a piece
- don't miss ANY 1 move tactic
- see most of the 2 move tactics
- don't make a move until you have thought at least 1 minute about it, regardless of how obvious it looks
- play only long games ( over 20 mins )
When this will become your second nature, you will have stopped being a chess beginner. :)
I just started learning how to play chess, (I'm 30), about a month ago. I am have read and worked through "Play Winning Chess" and I have just started "Winning Chess Tactics". I also play on my phone and on the computer. I set it to Easy and I lose most of the time.
Are any milestones a beginner should strive for other than not losing?