history of chess
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Who found chess and in when? According to the Hindu mythology, Chaturanga was played in place of chess. After the decline of Hindu mythology, who found it again and in which year?
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my understanding is that CHATURANGA IS chess;
just a very old form of the game.
the game as it is currently played was given its current rules in the 1500's in spain.
so, its totally wrong I think to say that "chaturanga" and "chess" competed in any sort of way.
no idea of the timing of the "decline in Hindu mythology"- but chess was spread through persia and the muslims. that game was called shatranj.
please see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_chess for background info on how chess evolved. also keep in mind there is real controversy about how game up with chess first. some people claim the persians were first (instead of the indians).
either way; clearly there was an extensive history of a chesslike game in Northern India/
Southern Persia...
I like to think that many cultures participated in making it the global game it is today.
Jul 21, 2017
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#5
The evidence for how chaturanga was played is kind of sketchy, but the pieces do seem related to chess. From India, the game spread to Persia where it was called Shatranj. Bishops and queens didn't move very far in Shatranj.
The 'mad queen' was introduced in the Gottingen Manuscript. Fritz Clemens Gorschen has suggested that a copy of the manuscript was in the possession of King Alfonso V of Portugal when he visited France in 1474, and that the manuscript was probably written around 1471. Some historians think that Lucena was the author of the Gottingen manuscript, but it could just be that it was his source.
Castling in Gottingen involved two seperate moves, rook first, and then king on the next turn. Anne Sunnucks says modern castling appeared in France in 1620.
In 13th century Italy, stalemate was a draw, but the king could engage in free castling moving to any of a number of different squares. England adopted the stalemate as draw rule very late, with Hoyle 1866 still giving it as a win for the stalemated side.
Rules weren't standardized until the time of Howard Staunton. A variant similar to Shatranj was played in India in the 19th century, and some older Indian players say they still remember playing this way when they were young.
that's detail right there. well said...
Keep in mind, that the 500's was a VERY long time ago. it was this the Roman empire was drawing its last breadth; watching as huns and vandals seiged rome- and as of 476; the heart of the once might empire was given to the Barbarian General Odoacer
in the middle East; a guy named muhammed in the desert oasis of mecca claimed to receive revelations of god. he gained followers and created an empire of another sort that still influence history today. keep in mind, that even with him-- the most influential person in 500 years and yet the writings are still tentative- and the formative events of his life are more tradition than written recordings.
if the game was invented 1300 years later, perhaps, we would have great authenticity of who invented it and when....and there is no doubt about exactly when international tournament chess was formalized (May 1851, london by direction of Howard Staunton.)
but the birth of chess, or a chess like game is simply too far back in time to give any clarity of exactly who or where it exactly originated. Even saying it definitely was an indian invention is too much.
wayne_thomas wrote:
... Rules weren't standardized until the time of Howard Staunton. A variant similar to Shatranj was played in India in the 19th century, and some older Indian players say they still remember playing this way when they were young.
By the time of Philidor, it seemed reasonable to publish his book. Even today, variations of chess are played in various parts of the world.
Jul 21, 2017
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#8
wayne_thomas wrote:
The 'mad queen' was introduced in the Gottingen Manuscript... the manuscript was probably written around 1471.
Marilyn Yalom used 1500 as the probable date for this undated manuscript.
Jul 21, 2017
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#9
wayne_thomas wrote:
Rules weren't standardized until the time of Howard Staunton.
It should be pointed out that, while people like Jaenisch, Dubois, Prof. Geo. Allen and, of course, Staunton, developed and propelled codification, the Italians used free castling up until 1881, 7 years after Staunton's death
Jul 21, 2017
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#10
Chess didn't originate in India, this is a lie to distract you from the real truth - that chess was brought to earth by aliens.
After all, how could any self respecting chess player doubt the words of great leader Ilyumzhinov?
I wonder if Kirsan realizes that any alien abduction worthy of the name always comes with an anal probe.
Jul 21, 2017
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#12
Pulpofeira wrote:
I wonder if Kirsan realizes that any alien abduction worthy of the name always comes with an anal probe.
Nah, that's more or less been retired
Jul 21, 2017
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#13
GM Yuri Averbakh has the Greeks bringing the game of Petteia with them to India when they forged the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 250-125 BC. The Indians were already playing ashtapada, a race game on an 8x8 board using dice. Petteia had no dice. The Indians adapted Ashtapada into chaturanga, a war game where you captured enemy pieces with your own as in Petteia.
The Persians wrote the Book of Chatrang (Matikan-i-chatrang or Chatrangnamak) in the late 7th/early 8th century describing how the Indian King Devsarm sent ambassadors to Persia, introducing them to the game of Chaturanga. The Persians themselves created backgammon.