How did humans create chess engines which are better than the best chess players?

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aaravp2000
🤔
maathheus

Using programmable hardware

Stargazer1633

And is just the beginning, You have to see that documentary, "Terminator" I think it was called, featuring a famous politician. Skynet started as a chess engine, we are doomed.

Zardorian
“Computer chess programs consider chess moves as a game tree. In theory, they examine all moves, then all counter-moves to those moves, then all moves countering them, and so on, where each individual move by one player is called a "ply".”

The key was to make computers powerful enough to be able to process these millions of potential moves in seconds. After decades of developing computer processors, the power is obviously now in place. For example, “Your smartphone is millions of times more powerful than all of NASA’s combined computing in 1969”
Zardorian
I got that first quote from the following link:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_chess#Search_techniques
aaravp2000
Oh ok thanks
The_Vedge
chesstenor2018 skrev:
“Computer chess programs consider chess moves as a game tree. In theory, they examine all moves, then all counter-moves to those moves, then all moves countering them, and so on, where each individual move by one player is called a "ply".”

The key was to make computers powerful enough to be able to process these millions of potential moves in seconds. After decades of developing computer processors, the power is obviously now in place. For example, “Your smartphone is millions of times more powerful than all of NASA’s combined computing in 1969”

I think that might be half the puzzle. The other half would be knowing which moves to look at. The amount of positions that can arise in a game is so big it's practically infinite, so if engines didn't know what moves to consider or not, they would practically never finish calculating, or possibly waste all their time on hopeless lines.

Stockfish, which if I recall correctly is the currently best chess engine, "knows" which lines to look at because it's been been made with input from grandmasters about what rules to go by when considering what moves to look at.

There's also these things called tablebases. Apparently, some endgames have been solved, ie. they've been analysed to the point that the best move is known for every possible (sensible?) position that can arise, and I would assume Stockfish makes use of those too. I would assume some are quite extensive. After all it happened at some point during a World championship game that an engine spotted a 20-or something-moves long line resulting in checkmate that neither player spotted.

martinchess1

I think that might be half the puzzle. The other half would be knowing which moves to look at. The amount of positions that can arise in a game is so big it's practically infinite, so if engines didn't know what moves to consider or not, they would practically never finish calculating, or possibly waste all their time on hopeless lines.

a tool to decide which moves to look at can be along the lines of making two moves without reply from the opponent. the engine then evaluates the new position and can decide not waste time on a hopeless line.  

harlons

It's same as why calculator better at counting than any human

WSama

That's a good question @Atom685. As everybody replied above, the programmes are made to mimic masters of the game. They've been 'coached' extensively, they know exactly what to look for, and even better is that they can calculate faster than most humans.

Fun Thought: The subconscious mind might just be faster than any machine you've ever had your hands.

Learning machines however might change the game in the future. And I don't just mean chess playing AI. I'm talking about fully intelligent and sentient programmes. These babies will probably innovate the way we play chess.

Galaxy_Chess_God

The programming was built into the computer with evolution. after 100 generations of trying to win. it gets better and better really fast, unlike humans, so it gets smarter.