There's cheating with computers of course. But it's entirely possible for someone to become a very strong player with only online play or play at local clubs (particularly in countries or areas where chess is very strong) and so not have an official FIDE or national rating. Some of these people do show up at live tournaments eventually and their official initial ratings can be at the expert level or above. I haven't heard of any stealth players like these being at the GM level though. There have been reasonably strong masters who have gone under the radar however.
Also, matching a GM at blitz or bullet is not the same thing as being as strong as a GM.
I am pondering about this issue for some days now. How exactly does a person not considered a "master" in chess get such high ratings in chess.com? Obviously they've had less training than GM's yet they still manage to rise to a level comparable to one of a GM's. I just don't understand how a GM who ahs been training all their lives to reach that title all of a sudden get beaten by a guy who's only had limited experience as well as limited chess resources. It can't be just talent because talent can only get you so far...