Losing on Time?

Hi, I know this isn't a new topic but I read through a few threads and didn't get the proper answer.  I'm new to Chess...just taught myself how to play and I have been up in material in several games and still lose.  I played a 10 minute game (thinking that was a good amount of time for a beginner) and was up +7 in material and still lost!!!  Why is that?  Can someone explain bullet, blitz and all the different time variations to a lowly beginner like myself?  I don't understand the time factors in game play at all.  Thank you :-)

Two things matter in timed games. The first would be checkmate, stalemate or insufficient material. The second is the time.

If you are playing and run out of time, you lose the game, regardless of your material advantage, if your opponent has sufficient material to mate, based on the definition the site uses. If the side with time does not have sufficient material, the game is a draw.

https://support.chess.com/article/128-what-does-insufficient-mating-material-mean

Thank you for sharing this.  I really appreciate it.  80% of the games I have played have ended with the time running out and me losing....which is very frustrating.  I’m not taking a lot of time either.

My question now is if both players are running out of time and there is clear winner or I’m up in material...what determines that I lose vs. my opponent losing?

 Could someone please explain the different types of times games please?  Blitz, etc?  Thank you again everyone...

@Minifee:

Here's an article that shows all the time controls (including with increments)...

https://support.chess.com/article/330-why-are-there-different-ratings-in-live-chess

Thanks a lot everyone...this now makes sense.  I played someone last night and THEY LOST ON TIME....the light bulb came on!!!  I started to recognize that each player has their "own" individual time to manage.  

The link is very helpful too because I didn't understand Bullet vs. Blitz, etc.  Thank you!!!  I like the increment settings... I will look to add that in my next match.  Thanks again guys!!!

What is classed as sufficient material? I played a 30 minute match and I was +10 had my opponents queen and a number of pieces and still lost the match??? It doesn't seem right that one can be really dominant and still lose the match. 

Try playing slower games like 30 min - maybe try daily, you have a selected amount of time PER MOVE - you can have up to 7 days for one move (I keep losing daily games to my friend)

Time management is a skill that develops with experience.