You should castle on the opposite side when at least one of the following factors is true:
- When you are up in development and your opponent has already castled, you should consider castling on the opposite side. That way you will have a clear game plan and will also be able to capitalize on your development advantage.
- When you have a damaged pawn structure (doubled paws, missing pawns, far advanced pawns, etc.) on one side you should consider castling on the other side.
- When the opponent’s pieces are especially active on one side of the board, it is usually best to castle on the opposite side.
- If you want to complicate the game you may consider this option. That may be true if you must play for a win due to a tournament situation, when the draw is not enough. This also maybe done when you're playing against a stronger opponent, who is much better in simple/technical positions. That maybe your best bet.
You should not castle on the opposite side when at least one of the following factors is true:
- When you are behind in development and you need extra time to develop your pieces, it is usually not a good idea to give your opponent a straight forward way of launching an attack.
- When the opponent’s pawns are advanced towards the side you’re about to castle, it is not a good idea to castle there (especially if the opponent’s king is castled on the opposite side). It will just give him a positional edge in the attack.
- When there are open/semi-open files in-front of the side you’re about to castle, you should probably reconsider your decision to castle there (especially if your opponent has castled on the other side). That will give him more attacking possibilities, such as rook lifts, various sacrifices, doubling of pieces on the file, etc.
- If you playing against a weaker opponent you may want to avoid castling opposite sides, in order to avoid sharp game and keep everything under control.
Note: These are general rules, not laws, meaning that there are always exceptions to them. When you’re making a decision on what side to castle you should always take your time and evaluate all “pros” and “cons “and base your decision upon your own analysis. This is a very important decision. It pretty much dictates which way the game will continue. Take your time and think twice.
Good advice, thanks. What about not castling at all?
Hey, I've been playing the London system for the last week, and am trying to make it a little more aggressive (for those of you who don't think that's possible in the London, go watch Simon Williams videos). I've done this by either not castling and hiding my king behind the center or castling queenside and pushing the h pawn. However, there have also been games where I just castled kingside.
I've got a good idea of what positions I can castle queenside and kingside in, but I don't have that much experience playing in an opening where you have the option to just not castle at all.
I was wondering what kind of indicators (moves, types of positions, etc.) I could look that show that I can skip castling, or if I should only do so in existing lines of theory that involve it.